![]() ![]() Missions to the Moon have been conducted by the following nations and organisations (in chronological order): the Soviet Union, the United States, Japan, the European Space Agency, China, India, Luxembourg, Israel, Italy, South Korea, the United Arab Emirates, and Russia. Three rover missions were launched, of which two were successful, and eleven sample return flights were attempted with three successes. While the United States focused on the crewed Apollo program, the Soviet Union conducted uncrewed missions that deployed rovers and returned samples to the Earth. ![]() All nine crewed missions returned safely to the Earth. Apollo 13 was intended to land however, it was restricted to a flyby due to a malfunction aboard the spacecraft. Six missions landed humans on the Moon, beginning with Apollo 11 in July 1969, during which Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon. Apollo 8 was the first crewed mission to enter orbit in December 1968, and it was followed by Apollo 10 in May 1969. In 1966, Luna 9 became the first spacecraft to achieve a controlled soft landing, while Luna 10 became the first mission to enter orbit, and in 1968 Zond 5 became the first mission to carry lifeforms (tortoises) to close proximity of the Moon.īetween 19, crewed missions to the Moon were conducted by the United States as part of the Apollo program. Of the Moon landings, Luna 2 of the Soviet Union was the first spacecraft to reach its surface successfully, intentionally impacting the Moon on 13 September 1959. For a list of each individual lunar probe, see List of lunar probes.Ī replica of Luna 9, the first spacecraft to land on the Moon The first image taken of the far side of the Moon, returned by Luna 3Īs part of human exploration of the Moon, numerous space missions have been undertaken to study Earth's natural satellite. Surroundings and progress for geologists, while cameras mounted insideĪnd outside the lunar module documented some of their activities.ĬSM/LM separation from Saturn V upper stageĪrmstrong steps onto surface ("That's one small step.")Īrmstrong reads plaque ("Here men from the planet Earth.This article is about missions to the Moon. Plaque, collected rock and soil samples for return to Earth, and spoke Their surroundings, displayed an American flag, read an inscription During that time, they deployed science and engineering experiments, photographed The lunar module hatch opened at 02:39:35 UTC on 21 July 1969,Īnd 17 minutes later, at 02:56:15 UTC (22:56:15 EDT on 20 July 1969),Īrmstrong stepped off the lunar module's ladder and onto the surface.Īrmstrong and Aldrin's single moonwalk lasted two and a half hours. It is often reported that theĪstronauts were too excited to rest in reality, the rest period was an optional buffer in case Armstrong and Aldrin needed time to adapt to lunar gravity or had technical problems to work through.ĮVA preparations officially began three and a half hours after Optional 4-hour rest period to begin 2 hours after landing, whichĪrmstrong and Aldrin opted to skip. Safely on the surface, Armstrong and Aldrin worked through a longĬhecklist to ensure their spacecraft was healthy and that they would beĪble to lift off for the return home. The Eagle has landed," Armstrongįamously reported after landing. ![]() Them toward a boulder field that was later determined to be ejecta from West Crater.Īrmstrong took semi-manual control of the lunar module to avoid theīoulders, and then a smaller crater later named Little West, beforeįinally landing with just 25 seconds' worth of fuel remaining. Then, Armstrong saw that the lunar module computer was guiding Guidance, and flight controllers advised the crew they could safely Had not seen in simulations prompted a call to Mission Control for A series of computer alarms that the crew Roughly an hour later,Īs the duo approached the Sea of Tranquility, they began a finalĪrmstrong and Aldrin had to overcome several last-minute challengesĭuring the landing sequence. To an orbit with a low point of 14.5 kilometers. Almost the same as in the Apollo 10 rehearsalĢ months earlier, the astronauts fired Eagle’s descent engine, dropping Nicknamed Eagle, and undocked it from the command module, where Collins On 20 July, Armstrong and Aldrin boarded their lunar module,
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |